GENERAL AND LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERY

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Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, a small pouch attached to the intestine. If left untreated, it can burst and lead to serious complications. Immediate medical attention is required to prevent further infection.

• Causes of Appendicitis

The exact cause is not always known, but it is often due to: A blockage in the appendix (caused by stool, infection, or swelling), Bacterial infection leading to inflammation, Enlargement of lymph nodes in the intestine.

• Symptoms of Appendicitis

Sudden pain in the abdomen, typically starting in the middle and moving to the lower right side, Nausea and vomiting, Loss of appetite, Mild fever, Constipation or diarrhea.

Treatment of Acute Appendicitis or Infection & Inflammation of Appendix may require surgery to remove the Appendix.  Laparoscopic Appendix  Surgery or Appendicectomy  is a minimally invasive procedure that removes the Appendix. It has many advantages over open surgery, including lesser Cutting of Skin & Tissues, Less  pain, a shorter hospital stay, fewer Wound Complications and a faster recovery.

Gallstones are solid deposits that form in the gallbladder due to an imbalance in bile composition. They can vary in size and number and may not always cause symptoms. However, in some cases, they can lead to pain and discomfort, requiring medical attention.

• Causes of Gallstones

Gallstones form when substances in bile (such as cholesterol and bilirubin) crystallize. Common risk factors include: High cholesterol or fat intake, Obesity or rapid weight loss, Sedentary lifestyle, Pregnancy or hormonal changes, Family history of gallstones.

• Symptoms of Gallstones

Some people with gallstones may not have any symptoms, but when they do, they may include: Sudden pain in the upper right abdomen, often after eating, Nausea and vomiting, Indigestion, bloating, or discomfort, Jaundice.

Treatment of gallStones may require surgery to remove the Gall Bladder along with the stones. Laparoscopic Gall Bladder Surgery or cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive procedure that removes the gallbladder. It has many advantages over open surgery, including lesser Cutting of Skin & Tissues, Less  pain, a shorter hospital stay, fewer Wound Complications and a faster recovery. 

Hemorrhoids, commonly known as piles, are swollen veins around the anal area that can cause discomfort, itching, and bleeding. They can be internal (inside the rectum) or external (around the anus), with external hemorrhoids often being more painful.

• Causes of Hemorrhoids

Hemorrhoids develop due to increased pressure in the veins around the anus, which may result from: Chronic constipation or straining during bowel movements, Low-fiber diet, Sitting for long periods, especially on the toilet, Pregnancy or obesity, which increases abdominal pressure.

• Symptoms of Hemorrhoids

Bleeding during bowel movements (bright red blood), Itching or irritation in the anal region, Pain or discomfort, especially with external hemorrhoids, Swelling or a lump near the anus.

Haemorrhoids if symptomatic  like Pain, Bleeding , Ext. Growth, etc ,need to be treated . Treatment primarily has to include proper Stool consistency formation. This needs proper diet with adequate fibre, liquids and activity . if these alone do not help , then the Surgeon may advise surgery . Though the Gold Standard is the Open Ligation and Excision of Piles , Many Newer methods are very suitable in specific situations . These include Stapler Piles Surgery or Laser Surgery of Haemorrhoids , besides Others.

An inguinal hernia occurs when a portion of the intestine protrudes through a weak spot in the lower abdominal wall, often in the groin area. It is more common in men and may cause discomfort or a visible bulge.

• Causes of Inguinal Hernia

Hernias can occur due to a combination of muscle weakness and strain, which may be caused by: Lifting heavy objects, Chronic coughing or straining (e.g., constipation), Previous abdominal surgery, Aging or a genetic weakness in abdominal muscles.

• Symptoms of Inguinal Hernia

A bulge or lump in the groin or scrotum, Discomfort or pain when bending, coughing, or lifting, A heavy or dragging sensation in the lower abdomen, In severe cases, nausea, vomiting, or a swollen abdomen (which may indicate a strangulated hernia, requiring emergency care).

Hernia  whether Inguinal( Groin ) , Abdominal, Umbilical or Incisional ( At Prev. Surgery Site ) has No Medical treatment. It needs to be Operated to treat it. Surgery can be done Open or Laparoscopically . Most of the times the Surgeon will place a Mesh usually made of Poly Propelene to strengthen the area after the repair . This reduces the chances of recurrence very significantly. . laparoscopy has many advantages over open surgery, including lesser Cutting of Skin & Tissues, Less  pain, a shorter hospital stay, fewer Wound Complications and a faster recovery.